Posts Tagged ‘ Writing

From a Certain Point of View

I was taught a sincere – and arguably well-deserved – disdain for Joseph Campbell when I was at Cal.  My undergraduate degree has a mythology emphasis and my professors all pointed out that Campbell glossed over important cultural elements in his work and showed poor scholarship.  We were given other examples to admire, such as Dumézil, Ellis Davidson, and Eliade.

I am not currently seeking a PhD in Mythology, though, but an MFA in Creative Writing, and one of my textbooks for this semester is The Writer’s Journey by Christopher Vogler.  If you have any familiarity with Campbell’s work, that title will call to mind his idea for The Hero’s Journey.  If it doesn’t, it should because that is exactly the point of the author – he posits the use of Campbell’s work as a guide for storytelling.

The professor has asked us to read this textbook before the residency begins, from which I infer that she finds great merit in these ideas, and that they will be instrumental to our study of the fantasy genre this semester.

Isn’t this a lovely conflict?  If I were writing it, the character would be in for an interesting time.  I prefer to think of myself as a writer, though, not a character – if only to avoid the ontological implications – so I need a way to resolve this without an epic struggle.

It could be that what looks like criminal oversimplification to the mythologist presents a wealth of opportunities for a storyteller.  The key, I think, is perspective.  Lumping Coyote and Loki together as Tricksters may be a terrible disservice to both characters in terms of their distinct roles and importance in their respective mythographies, but it may teach the storyteller a great deal in terms of functions within a specific story and scene.  Taking this view may invert what causes problems for the mythologist: instead of whittling distinctions down to a general result, it may demonstrate the vast array of solutions for a common story problem.

This is my hope, that by using Campbell’s tools as a lens to examine the art of storytelling, not the study of myth, I will find in them a source of wonder and inspiration.

Of course, this could be why she assigned us a writer’s interpretation of Campbell, rather than a book by the man himself, like The Hero with a Thousand Faces.

(Oh, and for those who read the title of this entry in the voice of Alec Guinness: there are many Star Wars references in the book.  That’s not likely to hurt either.)

Musings About Creative Nonfiction

I have very little experience with creative nonfiction.  Now that I have that alarmingly inaccurate sentence down, let me explain it.  I’ve read many books over the years that would be filed under creative nonfiction, if I organized my personal library that way.  Of course, I barely organize my personal library in the first place, so there’s little danger of that happening.

For that matter, I’ve written a respectable amount of creative nonfiction, in that I keep this blog on as regular a basis as I can (and I’ll be steadier once the semester begins, but I may take a break for the residency), I post intermittently in a private LiveJournal account, and spill thoughts and memories all over perfectly innocent paper on a purely random basis.

I have even taken an undergraduate level class through the U.C. Berkeley Extension, and enjoyed it a great deal.  Still, I feel as though I have very little experience with creative nonfiction, because I’ve read very little of it from the perspective of a writer.

Well, the new semester hasn’t started yet, but I can already feel that changing.  I’ve started on my reading assignments, and I noticed that all three of the selections in my Craft of Creative Nonfiction class had a common element: each told multiple stories that all related to an event-driven common theme.  For example, in only one chapter of Passage to Juneau I’ve learned more about commercial fishing, the Alaskan fishing run, its risks, the fishing community, and the American Indians native to the region (and their art) than I ever knew before*, and all of it related to the author fitting out his boat for a voyage.

Up until now, I had thought about writing essays and the like in terms of framing a given story, often with a goal of conveying a related idea, but it seems to me now that this showed me only the surface of what it should be doing, or at least what it could be doing.

I can’t say this surprises me, since I know that a given work of fiction will certainly contain more than a single story, but it is interesting to see what the other side of the coin looks like.

Hmm, if fiction and nonfiction are different sides of the same coin, where does that leave poetry?  On the edge, of course, binding the two together with its approach to expression.

*which, admittedly, was very little

Interlude II: Summer Assignments

There’s not a whole lot to report on this week, mostly because I’m trying to take it easy on the hand* until my physical therapy appointment Wednesday, when I can get some exercises to help it heal properly.  Here’s hoping I will get back up to speed soon.

In the meantime, I have the summer assignments for two of my classes.  For the fantasy class, I have to read a few novels (rough life, huh?).  Well, I’m not sure if I have to read them over the summer break or during the residency, but it doesn’t hurt to read ahead anyway.

For my nonfiction workshop, I have to gather three things: two works of my own, one of five thousand words and one of a thousand words, and a sample from a writer whose work I like.  That last one might be the hardest for me, since I will have to look again at my nonfiction books, this time as a writer instead of simply an interested reader.  It might get even trickier, because I am most interested in essay writing, but I don’t know if I have very much in my library to draw on for samples.  Not to say that I know what I’m doing for the first two parts of the assignment yet, but at least I have a few ideas swirling about under consideration.

On the submission front, I haven’t sent anything out in the last week or two, but I hope to send out at least one more before summer vacation is over.  I also have to follow up on one I sent out in March; I haven’t gotten a response from them of any kind, and I want to at least make sure it was received.

Oh, and the next residency begins in a month and a day, not that I’m looking forward to it or anything.

*For those who missed it, I have a touch of tendinitis in my left hand.

Next Semester, Part II

One thing I like about the Northwest Institute of Literary Arts is that the students don’t follow cookie-cutter class schedules from semester to semester.  Between the electives and the flexibility of the requirements, there is broad room for customization.  People do generally take a heavier schedule early on to allow for more time spent on the thesis later, especially students who will try to complete the program in two years.

With this in mind, I have been shaping my plan to let me slowly focus more and more on my major and thesis.  This takes me almost entirely outside my genre next semester, as I will be taking both craft and workshop classes in nonfiction, and a directed reading in fantasy.  Now obviously fantasy is a subgenre of fiction, but in this case the class is oriented toward writing for children and young adults, as opposed to a more general look at fantasy fiction.

In other words, it is technically fiction, but according to the class list it doesn’t count towards the fiction major, so it’s still outside my genre.  If you kind of squint your eyes and look at it just right.*

As part of the program I am required to take a craft class and a workshop in a different genre, and those two classes don’t have to be part of the same major.  I could take craft of poetry and CYA workshop, if I wanted to.  I chose to take both in the nonfiction major because I could see myself continuing to write nonfiction throughout my life, and this may be my best opportunity to learn more about it.  I may try to squeeze in a craft class from one of the other two, if I can find the room in my schedule, because frankly, I could use them.

The course in fantasy may be an elective, but for me it might as well have been mandatory.  My bookshelves contain more fantasy than anything else (well, perhaps not more than folklore and mythology, but it’s close), so I could not possibly skip this class.

Of course, what worries me now is how many must-take classes I’m going to see on that schedule every semester.  I thought that hardest part of leaving, when that time comes, would be missing the people and the fun I have in the program.  It might just be accepting that I can’t take every class and moving on with my life.

Fortunately, I have plenty of time before it comes to that.

*All right, I’m teasing.  Children and Young Adult is a classification because it is a different approach to writing, with its own goals, styles and priorities.

On the submission front, I have sent a short story (one written this past semester) to Realms of Fantasy.  Wish me luck!

First Fiction Credit Incoming!

I’ve just been informed that my short short story “Shooting Free Throws” has been selected to appear in the fall issue of Soundings Literary Journal.

Obviously I’m pretty excited about this, and it gives me even more hope for the two or three submissions I have out in the world right now, as well as the one going out next week.  They’re taking it without any changes, though I’ll get to look at the proof and make sure everything came out right (error-checking, not revision).

I want to sit and write something right now, but I’m on an enforced time out for another week or two.  It seems I have managed to get tendinitis in my left hand.  Strangely enough, it’s probably not from writing — suspects are Capoeira and bad reading form* ahead of typing,  though it may have been a combination of all three — but I still don’t want to overstress it.  I’m limiting myself to a few minutes of freewriting a day, plus short e-mails and whatever work requires.  Speaking of which, I should probably call the entry to a close here.

*Note to returning students, be careful how you hold your books when studying.  This may sound obvious, but when you’re mentally involved in what you’re reading, you might not always notice little warnings from the body until they become big warnings.  Especially to be avoided is holding a large book in one hand for more than an hour a day for many days in a row.  Oh, and for these purposes, anything larger than a medium-width mass market paperback should be considered large, even thick paperbacks and trade paperbacks.

Summer Lassitude and Semester Round Up

Well, despite the sense of motivation I feel, I must say that my initial reaction on hitting my first real break has been to do nothing more complicated than relax and play.  I’ve taken a solid week off from anything very productive, and am considering continuing this way through Memorial Day, to make sure my perspective is fresh on return.

But the itch is there.  I may compromise and allow myself ten or fifteen minutes of freewriting a day, just to give myself the creative output without adding any requirements.  Soon, though, I will return to actual writing projects.

Not that I’ve been entirely inactive – I’ve submitted a short story to the LA Review and another to Soundings, and am heavily considering giving two more pieces a light once-over: one for a writing contest that only runs through the end of this month and the other for a major fantasy magazine (wish me luck!).

On the MFA front, now that my assignments are finished I have one more duty to my classes: evaluations.  I’ve never evaluated a class or professor before, so I m relying on my old standard approach: be honest and hope for the best.  In some ways, this will be very easy because I have had a fantastic time in these classes and I’ve learned a great deal, so I have many good things to say.  The downside is that I’m having trouble finding much to point out in the way of weaknesses and recommendations.

I’ve heard a couple of people wonder about the anonymity of these evaluations, but to me it seems like a silly question.  I’ve just spent six months with these people in classes of three and five students, talking casually and frequently in our online discussions – how could they possibly not know who will have which opinions?  To my, the question of anonymity misses the point.  The point is to provide us an opportunity to let them know three things: how much we got out of the class, what worked well for us, and what did not.  There rest is a matter of details.

Speaking of evaluations, I’ll be getting my own grades in the next week or two.  I think I did well in these classes, so I should come through all right.

This is getting a bit longer than I expected, so I’ll save talking about planning for the fall semester for my next post.  Sorry this one was late.  I blame it on post-semester indolence.

The MFA and Motivation

As hard as I’ve been working this spring, one would think that when the semester ends this weekend, I’d be looking forward to taking a break.  I mean, that would be the sane response.

Then again, I can’t recall the last time I was accused of being sane.  Oh, don’t get me wrong.  I fully intend to take three or four days in which I do nothing more complicated after work than play Capoeira, work on my D&D campaign, watch Giants games and play baseball on my computer.

That will only last a few days, though, because coming to the end of the semester has lit a fire under me about my personal writing.  I’ve learned so much about the craft of writing this semester that I want to revise several old stories of mine, including a manuscript-length project.  I’ve seen so many ways to improve what I’ve written that I’m itching to put it all into practice.

Those older stories look like outlines to me now.  They have the basic idea, but fall short of telling their tales properly.  I just want to grab them all and re-write them completely.

Not to mention that I want to send out more submissions.  I’ve been so busy lately that I haven’t submitted anything new since my last post.  Well, that ends soon.  Before the end of this month, I plan on sending pieces to at least four places, with more to follow in June.

I also want to start publicizing this blog and putting my name out there a little more, in places like Duotrope.  Wish me luck.

Before I started this program, when I was still deciding if an MFA was a good direction for me, I got a lot of advice.  A surprising number of people tried to tell me that these programs were horrible for writers, that I’d be better off just spending that time writing.  I’m glad I didn’t listen.

How Many Hours Are There in The Day Again?

Time management becomes a trick in a low-residency program.  At the beginning of the semester I looked at my activities and wondered what would survive contact with my MFA program.  This is how it has played out, to date:

  • Work:  Work continues unabated, which is important to maintaining the style of life to which I have become accustomed: fed, clothed, housed and able to cover bills.  I have snuck in a few minutes of homework here and there when things are slow, but no one seems to mind.
  • Capoeira:  I’ve been able to keep up my schedule for both training and teaching, but I have gotten hurt a couple of times (right now I’m benched with a hand that is most likely sprained).  I suspect I’m not doing enough stretching on the off days.
  • Gaming: I’ve continued running my once-a-month D&D campaign, and playing in two other once-a-month games.  4th Edition has made this much easier for me, because the mechanics of preparing for the game take much less time than in previous editions.
  • Other social gatherings:  Do occasional e-mails and text messages count?  I’d say this is the area that suffered the most cutbacks.  In the last few months I’ve been able to make it to a Rock Band gathering – my first – but that’s it.  Fortunately my wife and I have still found time each other.

All of these changes and considerations are, of course, to accommodate my class work.  I’m glad I love what I’m studying, because low-residency or not this is a real graduate program, complete with attendant workload.  I’ve done a pretty good job of maintaining my focus and getting as much out of each assignment as possible, but that may be one of the advantages of returning to school after working for several years: I know how to motivate myself.

I haven’t been perfect though.  I’m sure I could have read some of my assigned reading more closely.  I think I’ve made up for that a bit by working even harder on the assignments: everything I’ve turned in since the residency has been either completely new writing or a substantial revision of an existing piece, revised for that assignment.

My personal writing time has shrunk considerably.  I tried to fit it in early in the semester, but found I was getting too exhausted mentally to continue work on anything substantial.  I’ve fit in some time for flash fiction and short story writing, but I’ve held off working on the novel until the summer break.

This is actually as much for the good of the novel-in-progress as anything else.  I’ve been deep in the study of the craft of fiction, examining every tool in the writer’s toolbox from as many angles as possible.  It’s fantastic, but it also has me constantly re-thinking what I’ve written in light of this week’s topics.  This is great for my writing, but not conducive to working on a long form project.  Better to wait until the semester is over and I’ve had a chance to assimilate what I’ve learned.

I haven’t been idle though.  Here’s an example of how I am applying my studies so far.  Two years ago I wrote a short story that I liked.  I looked at it six months ago and knew something was wrong with it, but could not figure out what.  One month ago I reread it, saw why it didn’t work, and knew how to fix it.  My rewrite was well-received by my workshop group, and from their comments I can see one or two little things to change that would make it even better.  One more revision and I’ll see what I can do about getting it published.

Nothing Up My Sleeve

Ah, spring break – a weeklong period of rest and diversion from the requirements of classes.  So what did I do?  Read, of course!

Well, all right, I did other things too, but I want to tell you about something I read over spring break: Now You See It, by Richard Matheson.  The story is one of murder and stage magic, told in a style that is pure Matheson.  I definitely recommend it.

Along the way, Matheson talks about magic behind the scenes, and explains its essence like this: the magician tells her audience that she will do some amazing thing and then does it right before their eyes. There’s a trick to it, of course, and they all know it, but she hides it from the audience by taking their attention and focusing it where she wants it through the whole process.

It’s a lot like writing.  The writer’s “amazing thing” is a compelling story that unfolds before the reader.  The magician’s trick amazes because she appears to do something impossible, such as make someone vanish into thin air.  The writer’s story compels because the writer manages story tension and reader expectation to keep the reader involved and turning pages.

The magician’s trick is surprising because the audience sees it happening but cannot see how it is accomplished.  This is much the same for the writer.  The writer provides all the clues needed to understand what is happening in the story, but surprises the reader by how they come together.  And all the clues have to be in the story or the reader feels cheated, like finding out a magician is using trick photography or CGI.  To invert the much-abused statement attributed to Chekhov, if the writer wants a gun to go off in act three, it better be on the wall in act one.

The writer does not have mirrors, lights, music and attractive assistants to help him, so he must focus the reader’s attention through details.

On the table Blake found a lighter, a pen and an apple.

None of these items have much description and the reader is free to imagine them however she wants.  The reader also realizes that none of these objects are very important to the story as a whole.  That changes if anything happens to one of the objects.  If Blake takes a bite from the apple, it becomes more important and the other objects become correspondingly less important.

On the table Blake found a lighter, an apple and a well-chewed bic pen, missing its cap.

The pen now gets the most attention, and the reader knows it is important, if only because it tells her something about the person who owns it.  The reader expects to see the pen’s owner chew on a pen at some point, or at least pick up that particular bic pen and keep it with him.

The reader expects the pen to be significant because it was given more attention.  But what about the apple and the lighter?  They are in the story as of their first appearance, and the writer is free to use them again.  Perhaps before the scene is over, the pen’s owner retrieves the well-chewed pen, possibly even covering it with a well-chewed cap from his shirt pocket, but leaves the apple and lighter on the table.  Blake then takes the lighter in a way that doesn’t draw much attention to the action.

Blake swore and cursed his fate.  It would take weeks to sort this mess out and that meant dealing with people he never wanted to see again. Blake sighed, set down his glass, slipped the lighter into his pocket, and went back down the hallHe might as well get started.

Blake now has the lighter, and while the reader knows this, the reader, like Blake, is more interested in the Blake’s problem and how he is going to resolve it.  This way, the writer is free to use that lighter in a later scene, say to light a fuse or burn an important document, and isn’t cheating.

The magician says, “Look at these chains!  They’re so thick and strong, I could never break them.”  And it’s true, she can’t.  “Look at these locks!  They’re so solid there’s no getting through them!”  And there isn’t.  It’s true.  But she doesn’t tell you to look at clamps that the chains are holding, the ones that give her just a little more space than you can tell from your chair.  She doesn’t tell you to look at the bolts holding those clamps fast, especially not the three weak ones, strategically placed.

The writer says, “Look at this pen!  I’m telling you so much about it that you know it’s important!”  It’s true, that pen is important.  But while you’re thinking about the pen, some character walks off with the lighter.  You see him do it, but you don’t realize how important it is until that lighter reappears later.

This is only one of the ways writers handle expectation and surprise, of course, but since I’m comparing writers to magicians at the moment I shouldn’t say any more.  After all, a good magician never reveals his secrets.

Disturbing Reading

I read reddit sometimes, one of those build-your-own-news sites where people discuss links to web pages that interest them.  It also has a system for self-posting, where people talk about themselves and their lives, and ask each other questions.

I was reading the comments made to a post about a person whose supposedly rehabilitated friend died of a heroin overdose.  The commentary ranged from sympathy for his loss to debate about heroin, and I developed the impression that a number of redditors, active members of the reddit community, either are currently or were previously addicted to opiates.

A quick search through the archives seemed to confirm this, at least anecdotally.  Reddit has had many posts about opiates, their usage, methods of quitting and their effectiveness, addiction generally, and question-and-answer sessions.  A few of these posts, and several of the discussions I read, were actually pro-opiate use.

Opiates scare the hell out of me.  I am not a drug-user.  Heck, I can still remember getting tested for allergies at Kaiser when I was a child.  Some of those little needle tests left small lumps on my forearm, but one or two left very large lumps.  My allergist pointed one of them out to me and said very clearly, “I want you to remember something.  This large lump here is hemp.  You are very allergic to hemp . . . and all related plants.”

It was years before I learned why he was so emphatic, but the echo of his warning kept me away from the drug scene.  Still, I went to college in Berkeley and I performed in live casts for The Rocky Horror Picture Show.  I’ve been around my share of drug-use.  I didn’t know anyone who personally admitted to using opiates, but I knew friend-of-a-friend stories that I found frightening.

How much truth was in those stories?  I have no idea.  For my purposes in this entry, it doesn’t matter.  I’m not here to debate whether using heroin, or any opiate, is a controllable pleasure or a death sentence.

My point is that I find the idea of opiate use scary.  Tales of the all-consuming craving for the drug that can develop, of the personal sacrifices that become more and more common as the addiction builds, terrify me.  More than that, I find the so-called positive side of the drug, a singular ecstasy so intense that beside it all other pleasures seem distant and tremulous, just as awful.  But I read those posts and comments in reddit, even when they discussed some details.  Why would I do that?  Some people slow down to look at accidents.  I don’t.  Some people get a vicarious thrill from the news.  I don’t.  But I read every one of those posts and comments.

So why was I doing it?  Through reflection I’ve been able to come up with a few reasons.  One is a simple curiosity.  These people are doing hideous things to themselves on a progressive, daily basis, and I can’t help but wonder what they get out of it, what their reasons are and what ways they justify or excuse their behavior.

There’s more to it than that, though, and I think this approaches some of the reasons I write.  Why I write is a topic deep enough for at least one post of its own, but part of the answer is to explore the human experience.  It would be easy for me to write about heroic characters whose stories need not touch on the disasters and horrors that can be found in real life.  Such stories certainly have their place, and I may tell a few of those now and again.  But that’s not all I want to write.

I’m not going to wax poetic about lofty goals and the role of art, or anything like that.  I simply want options.  Not every character has to save the world; some people have to face personal problems the like of which I never, ever want to experience.  To write about those people, much less to do it well, I need to understand them.  It doesn’t matter if they are politicians, fighter pilots, or heroin junkies.

Does this mean I want to write about a heroin junkie?  Not necessarily, although I won’t rule it out.  But addiction, compulsion and self-destructive behavior have been around as long as there have been people.  If I can understand this behavior, I can create deeper, more realistic characters and more involving fiction.  Everything a writer sees, hears, smells, tastes, touches and reads can be drawn on for writing material.  The broader the scope, the broader the potential subjects.

But there are many things to read in this world, many ways to expand one’s available resources.  Why read something disturbing?  Because anything that affects one emotionally also provides a clue about how to affect a reader.  That’s worth studying on its own.

isturbing Reading

I read reddit sometimes, one of those build-your-own-news sites where people discuss links to web pages that interest them. It also has a system for self-posting, where people talk about themselves and their lives, and ask each other questions.

I was reading the comments made to a post about a person whose supposedly rehabilitated friend died of a heroin overdose. The commentary ranged from sympathy for his loss to debate about heroin, and I developed the impression that a number of redditors, active members of the reddit community, either are currently or were previously addicted to opiates.

A quick search through the archives seemed to confirm this, at least anecdotally. Reddit has had many posts about opiates, their usage, methods of quitting and their effectiveness, addiction generally, and question-and-answer sessions. A few of these posts, and several of the discussions I read, were actually pro-opiate use.

Opiates scare the hell out of me. I am not a drug-user. Heck, I can still remember getting tested for allergies at Kaiser when I was a child. Some of those little needle tests left small lumps on my forearm, but one or two left very large lumps. My allergist pointed one of them out to me and said very clearly, “I want you to remember something. This large lump here is hemp. You are very allergic to hemp . . . and all related plants.”

It was years before I learned why he was so emphatic, but the echo of his warning kept me away from the drug scene. Still, I went to college in Berkeley and I performed in live casts for The Rocky Horror Picture Show. I’ve been around my share of drug-use. I didn’t know anyone who personally admitted to using opiates, but I knew friend-of-a-friend stories that I found frightening.

How much truth was in those stories? I have no idea. For my purposes in this entry, it doesn’t matter. I’m not here to debate whether using heroin, or any opiate, is a controllable pleasure or a death sentence.

My point is that I find the idea of opiate use scary. Tales of the all-consuming craving for the drug that can develop, of the personal sacrifices that become more and more common as the addiction builds, terrify me. More than that, I find the so-called positive side of the drug, a singular ecstasy so intense that beside it all other pleasures seem distant and tremulous, just as awful. But I read those posts and comments in reddit, even when they discussed some details. Why would I do that? Some people slow down to look at accidents. I don’t. Some people get a vicarious thrill from the news. I don’t. But I read every one of those posts and comments.

So why was I doing it? Through reflection I’ve been able to come up with a few reasons. One is a simple curiosity. These people are doing hideous things to themselves on a progressive, daily basis, and I can’t help but wonder what they get out of it, what their reasons are and what ways they justify or excuse their behavior.

There’s more to it than that, though, and I think this approaches some of the reasons I write. Why I write is a topic deep enough for at least one post of its own, but part of the answer is to explore the human experience. It would be easy for me to write about heroic characters whose stories need not touch on the disasters and horrors that can be found in real life. Such stories certainly have their place, and I may tell a few of those now and again. But that’s not all I want to write.

I’m not going to wax poetic about lofty goals and the role of art, or anything like that. I simply want options. Not every character has to save the world; some people have to face personal problems the like of which I never, ever want to experience. To write about those people, much less to do it well, I need to understand them. It doesn’t matter if they are politicians, fighter pilots, or heroin junkies.

Does this mean I want to write about a heroin junkie? Not necessarily, although I won’t rule it out. But addiction, compulsion and self-destructive behavior have been around as long as there have been people. If I can understand this behavior, I can create deeper, more realistic characters and more involving fiction. Everything a writer sees, hears, smells, tastes, touches and reads can be drawn on for writing material. The broader the scope, the broader the potential subjects.

But there are many things to read in this world, many ways to expand one’s available resources. Why read something disturbing? Because anything that affects one emotionally also provides a clue about how to affect a reader. That’s worth studying on its own.